A supplement can be defined as something added to make something else complete, or something that makes up for a deficiency. Nutrition supplements were originally created with the idea that individuals who were not getting enough of one or more nutrients could take a supplement that would fulfill that particular need. Supplements most often come in pill, powder or liquid form. Common supplements include protein, vitamins and minerals; however, herbs and other remedies are becoming popular.
Supplementation has quickly become a controversial topic among doctors, nutritionists, trainers, supplement manufacturers, consumers and even the government.
Arguments for Supplementation
- Unbalanced Diets
Promoters of supplementation argue that Americans do a poor job of eating nutrient rich foods and believe that most diets are unbalanced. Fat laden foods, sugary snacks, processed foods and fast foods are common finds among our fast-paced society, and supplement proponents believe that supplementation can ease this nutritional burden.
- Not so Nutrient Rich
Some experts argue that foods that were once very rich in vitamins and minerals are now less potent because of environmental conditions and food handling processes. They also believe that supplementation is necessary to attain the appropriate amounts and of vitamins, minerals and other substances necessary for optimal human performance.
- Nutrient Control
Supplement proponents argue that it is much easier and more accurate to target certain nutrients and in exact amounts by taking them in a supplement form.
- Calorie Free
Supplements can be taken without consuming calories. Supplementation proponents believe this is a great advantage in our overweight society.
Arguments Against Supplementation
- Absorption
Those opposed to supplementation state that the body is designed to obtain nutrients from food. Food is easier to digest and its nutrients easier to absorb than chemically created nutrients. Such is the case with calcium and iron supplementation. Furthermore, supplements can be rendered ineffective if taken with less than optimal foods and drinks. Orange juice and coffee, for example, can eliminate the absorption and effectiveness of certain supplements.
- Something's Missing
Many supplements do not contain nutrients that are essential for optimal human performance. These include fiber, enzymes and other substances.
- It's Not A Cure
Supplements cannot cure illness or disease, as many advertisers would like consumers to believe. The Federal Drug Administration has therefore created specific limits on the claims that supplement manufactures can make on their product.
What is the Answer??
It's reasonable that obtaining nutrients from food sources should be a priority and supplementation should be used when food sources are not supplying a certain need. Professionals agree that the typical American diet is "unbalanced" because of an over-reliance on snack foods, processed foods and a change in eating patterns over the years. Furthermore, many experts agree that RDA (Recommended Daily Allowance) levels are simply average limits to be used as guidelines. Even individuals that fulfill the RDA's objectives can suffer the symptoms of deficiencies in one or more nutrient area.
The above reasons certainly make supplementation a hopeful option in obtaining optimal health. But supplement manufacturers and advertisers are leading many to believe that disease prevention, athletic performance, longevity and mental health is determined solely by supplementation. Vitamins, minerals and other substances are being touted as miracle workers! It is important to educate individuals how to obtain nutrients from food and use supplementation as needed.